Mesothelioma Not Caused by Asbestos People with previous exposure to asbestos are at risk of developing mesothelioma. Asbestos fibers that adhere to the lung's lining (pleura) cause malignant pleural mesothelioma. those that penetrate the stomach's lining or the heart (peritoneal and mesothelioma of the pericardium) are less prevalent. Visit a